There is a growing expectation of hydropower projects developers to share the benefits with the people living in the project affected areas. The affected people (by the hydropower projects) are those who are displaced from their place of settlement and whose livelihoods are affected as a result of change in the hydrological and economic dynamics. The people displaced due to dam construction struggle to adapt and develop new livelihoods. In the light of the above the project aimed to identify and assess benefit-sharing processes that have evolved around hydel power projects in Sikkim and Arunachal.